What does the global Ghost Gear initiative do?

The Global Ghost Gear Initiative (GGGI) is a cross stakeholder alliance of fishing industry, private sector, corporates, NGOs, academia and governments focused on solving the problem of lost and abandoned fishing gear worldwide.

Why is ghost gear a problem?

Ghost gear impacts marine mammals, seabirds, sea turtles, and more, and is the type of debris that has proven to be the most lethal. In Mexico's Upper Gulf of California, for example, abandoned gillnets have contributed to driving the vaquita porpoise to the brink of extinction.

How much ghost gear is in the ocean?

An estimated 640,000 tonnes of ghost gear enters the ocean every year, equivalent in weight to more than 50,000 double decker buses. It has been estimated that ghost gear constitutes 10% of the plastic waste in our oceans, but represents a much higher proportion of large plastics found floating at the surface.

How long does it take ghost gear to break down?

Some of the abandoned nets can be as big as football pitches, and this plastic-based ghost gear can take up to 600 years to break down, shedding microplastics as it degrades. Seabirds gather pieces of netting to make their nests and can then get entangled.

How can we prevent ghost fishing?

Lost or abandoned fishing nets are often referred to as 'ghost gear. ' One possible solution to prevent the abandonment of fishing gear is to mark it with electronic and acoustic tags, which would presumably make it easier to recover, and easier to hold those who discarded it more accountable.

Is Ghost gear harmful to ocean life?

Ghost gear causes the loss of commercially valuable fish stocks; a fish lost to ghost gear is a fish that will never breed, be sold or eaten. This adds to the impacts of illegal and overfishing. In the Baltic Sea, a single lost gillnet can destroy US$20,000 worth of seafood.

What causes ghost fishing?

Ghost fishing occurs when lost or discarded fishing gear that is no longer under a fisherman's control continues to trap and kill fish, crustaceans, marine mammals, sea turtles, and seabirds. Derelict fishing nets and traps can continue to ghost fish for years once they are lost under the water's surface.

How does Ghost gear happen?

Ghost gear has many causes, but the primary ones are snags on rocks, reefs or spires beneath the surface of the water; conflict / entanglement with other deployed fishing gear; severe weather where gear must be abandoned for safety reasons; and gear being cut loose incidentally by other marine traffic crossing over top ...

How much fishing gear is lost every year?

Plastic pollution plagues every corner of the ocean and despite growing awareness, the problem is only getting worse. Fishing gear accounts for roughly 10% of that debris: between 500,000 to 1 million tons of fishing gear are discarded or lost in the ocean every year.

Does fishing pollute the ocean?

NEW RESEARCH: Fishing Gear Accounts for an Alarming Amount of Plastic Pollution in Oceans. More than 100 million pounds of plastic from industrial fishing gear pollute the oceans each year—threatening marine life.

How does Ghost Gear affect marine life?

These 'ghost nets' impact not only local fisheries, but also result in by-catch of threatened and protected marine species. Many of these nets are washed up on northern Australia beaches, entangling numerous marine species including turtles and dugong which are of local cultural importance.

Is ghost fishing serious?

Ghost nets choke coral reefs, damage marine habitats and entangle fish, marine mammals and seabirds. They are also a danger to boats, catching in vessel propellers. Locating and then removing the nets is a major challenge.

What are the effects of ghost fishing?

Ghost fishing can impose a variety of harmful impacts, including: the ability to kill target and non-target organisms, including endangered and protected species; causing damage to underwater habitats such as coral reefs and benthic fauna; and contributing to marine pollution.

How much plastic in ocean is fishing gear?

Fishing Gear Makes Up An Estimated 10% Of Ocean Plastic

Now, 10% is still a lot.

What animals are affected by ghost nets?

Ghost nets don't only catch fish; they also entangle sea turtles, dolphins and porpoises, birds, sharks, seals, and more. These animals swim into nets, often unable to detect them by sight or sonar. The nets keep animals from moving freely, cause injuries, and keep mammals and birds from rising to the surface for air.

Where do ghost nets come from?

Ghost nets are fishing nets that have been abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded in the ocean. These nets, often nearly invisible in the dim light, can be left tangled on a rocky reef or drifting in the open sea.

Why can't we use nets to simply scoop up the marine debris?

Cleaning up marine debris is not as easy as it sounds. Many microplastics are the same size as small sea animals, so nets designed to scoop up trash would catch these creatures as well. Even if we could design nets that would just catch garbage, the size of the oceans makes this job far too time-consuming to consider.

Is most of the plastic in the ocean from fishing?

Most of the plastic in our oceans comes from land-based sources: by weight, 70% to 80% is plastic that is transported from land to the sea via rivers or coastlines. The other 20% to 30% comes from marine sources such as fishing nets, lines, ropes, and abandoned vessels.

How much plastic is in the ocean?

There is now 5.25 trillion macro and micro pieces of plastic in our ocean & 46,000 pieces in every square mile of ocean, weighing up to 269,000 tonnes.

Who is affected by ghost fishing?

However, it can be deadly for other marine life. Dolphins, whales, and turtles often get caught in the line, making it difficult for them to swim and feed. A report by NOAA found that seabirds are the most at risk from ghost fishing line, with around 10 times as many birds caught as turtles or mammals.

How do ghost nets end up in the ocean?

Ghost nets are part of a larger problem: unsustainable fishing practices which add thousands of tonnes of plastic to the marine environment each year. These nets continue to float in the ocean's currents, entangling marine wildlife, damaging reefs, invisibly and silently killing.

What is catch catch?

Bycatch (or by-catch), in the fishing industry, is a fish or other marine species that is caught unintentionally while fishing for specific species or sizes of wildlife.

What are ghost nets made out of?

Fishing nets used to be made from rope. But since the 1960s, they are made from nylon, a material that is much stronger and cheaper. Nylon is plastic and it does not decompose.

Where are ghost nets found?

Ghost nets are silently drifting through the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, snagging on coral reefs and entangling wildlife. Scientists in the Pacific Islands have observed ghost nets tumbling across expansive coral reef environments. They break, shade, and abrade coral, preventing them from healthy growth.

What are the other garbage patches around the world?

There are five gyres to be exact—the North Atlantic Gyre, the South Atlantic Gyre, the North Pacific Gyre, the South Pacific Gyre, and the Indian Ocean Gyre—that have a significant impact on the ocean. The big five help drive the so-called oceanic conveyor belt that helps circulate ocean waters around the globe.